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Housing Policy in the United States Fourth Editio - Original PDF
Housing Policy in the United States Fourth Editio - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Alex F. Schwartz خلاصه: 1 Introduction In its preamble to the 1949 Housing Act, Congress declared its goal of “a decent home in a suit- able living environment for every American family.” In the more than 60 years since this legisla- tion was passed, the federal government has helped fund the construction and rehabilitation of more than 5 million housing units for low-income households and provided rental vouchers to nearly 2 million additional families. Yet, the nation’s housing problems remain acute. In 2017, 44.7 million households lived in physically deficient housing, spent 30 percent or more of their income on housing, or were homeless (U.S. Census Bureau 2018; U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 2018). Put differently, about 113 million Americans—around 35 per- cent of the nation’s population and more than triple the 28.5 million lacking health insurance in 2017 (Berchick, Hood, & Barnett 2018)—confronted serious housing problems or had no housing at all.1 This book tells the story of how the United States has tried to address the nation’s housing problems. It looks at the primary policies and programs designed to make decent and affordable housing available to Americans of modest means. It examines the strengths and weaknesses of these policies and programs and the challenges that still remain. The book takes a broad view of housing policy, focusing not only on specific housing subsidy programs, such as public housing, but also on the federal income tax code and regulations affecting mortgage lending, land use decisions, real estate transactions, and other activities integral to the housing market. Some of these broader aspects of housing policy provide financial incentives for investments in affordable housing, others attempt to make housing available to low-income and minority households and communities by penalizing discriminatory practices and through other regulatory interventions. Put simply, then, this book is about policies and programs designed to help low-income and other disadvantaged individuals and households access decent and affordable housing. It examines programs and policies that subsidize housing for low-income households or that attempt to break down institutional barriers, such as discriminatory practices in the real estate industry that impede access to housing. The book is intended to be a general overview of housing policy. It is beyond its scope to delve deeply into programmatic details or to cover all aspects of the field in equal depth. The focus is on federal and, to a lesser degree, state and local programs and policies that subsidize housing for low-income households or otherwise attempt to make housing accessible to this population. Much less attention is given to policies concerned with the physical aspects of housing, such as design standards and building regulations—except when they are explicitly employed to promote affordable housing. The book does not examine in detail the operation of housing markets or pro- vide a comprehensive legislative history of housing policy.
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGING AND LITERACY EVENTS IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS - Original PDF
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGING AND LITERACY EVENTS IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS - Original PDF
نویسندگان: David Bloome, Stephanie Power-Carter, W. Douglas Baker, Maria Lucia Castanheira, Minjeong Kim, and Lindsey W. Rowe خلاصه: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the use of microethno- graphic discourse analysis for researching, theorizing, and reconceptualizing the uses of language and literacy in educational settings. The authors apply an ethnographic perspective to discourse analysis to emphasize how teachers and students use spoken and written language to construct knowledge, opportunities for learning, and social relationships. The authors demonstrate how micro- ethnographic discourse analysis at different levels of scale can provide deeper understandings into the nuanced, complex social interactions and relationships that exist in and across educational contexts, including meaning-making, lit- eracy practices, power relations, and the social construction of personhood. Each chapter offers philosophically and theoretically grounded principles for using microethnographic discourse analysis and example cases that reflect the principles presented. Ideal for researchers, teacher educators, and teachers, this essential text on discourse analysis, languaging, and literacy provides a ground- ing to further examine critical questions challenging educators.
Economic Crime by Mark Button, Branislav Hock and David Shepherd - Original PDF
Economic Crime by Mark Button, Branislav Hock and David Shepherd - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Mark Button, Branislav Hock and David Shepherd خلاصه: In the midst of the summer of 2021, Boris Johnson’s government in the UK published a crime plan (Home Office, 2021). A few days earlier the Office for National Statistics (ONS) had released the latest crime statistics from the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW). This had shown a 36% increase in fraud and computer misuse offences, which now accounted for the clear majority of crimes – 6.3 million of the 11.1 million estimated crimes (ONS, 2021). One would have expected a flourish of media interest and comment on the plan, particularly as it contained a whole chapter on fraud and online offences, on what the impact on fraud might be. The media, however, were much more interested in other aspects of the plan: “Boris Johnson pledges to target crime and anti-social behaviour” – BBC News “Freed burglars to wear 24-hour tags under Prime Minister’s Crime Crackdown” – Telegraph “Thieves tagged 24-hours a day and crooks forced to clean streets in crime crackdown” – Express
Execution Culture in Nineteenth Century Britain - Original PDF
Execution Culture in Nineteenth Century Britain - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Patrick Low, Helen Rutherford, and Clare Sandford-Couch خلاصه: In his diary entry of 23 August 1844 railway clerk Richard Lowry reflected on his attendance the preceding day at the hanging of Mark Sherwood on Newcastle’s Town Moor. Lowry noted that the streets of Newcastle were ‘literally crammed with people’ and that there were ‘countless thousands crowding’ towards the Moor, to witness the spectacle of a public execution. Despite taking up a prime position some ‘20 yards from the gallows’, Lowry was far from a proponent of capital punishment. He reflected: ‘what will future ages say at such barbarous proceedings as this. A time is fast coming when such murder will be no longer perpetrated.’1
Globalizing Human Rights Private Citizens, the Soviet Union, and the West by Christian Philip Peterson - Original PDF
Globalizing Human Rights Private Citizens, the Soviet Union, and the West by Christian Philip Peterson - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Christian Peterson خلاصه: During the late 1960s and 1970s, the world watched as the United States, Soviet Union, and various European governments worked to reduce ten- sions and improve relations with each other by pursuing a policy known as détente. This process appeared to bear fruit when the United States, Canada, and thirty-three European nations, including the Soviet Union, signed the Final Act (Helsinki Accords) on 1 August 1975. Negotiated within a framework known as the Conference on Security and Coopera- tion in Europe (CSCE), this agreement pledged signatories to respect the basic human rights and fundamental freedoms of private citizens, as well as promote the free flow of information, ideas, and people across national boundaries. It also called on each nation to recognize the legitimacy of existing borders in Europe save the possibility of “peaceful change” in the future. At the time, many in the United States saw this document as a vic- tory for the USSR that sanctioned Soviet domination of Eastern Europe. The Soviet General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev lent credence to this view when he referred to the Final Act as “the culmination of everything posi- tive that has been done thus far on our continent to bring about the change from the ‘cold war’ to détente and the genuine implementation of the prin- ciples of peaceful coexistence.
Homicide: Towards a Deeper Understanding by Sara Skott - Original PDF
Homicide: Towards a Deeper Understanding by Sara Skott - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Sara Skott خلاصه: DOI: 10.4324/9781003105282-1 1 Introduction Why study homicide? Violence haunts commonplace geographies and the imaginations of everyday actors, through the lens of banal crime reporting and celebrated true crime novels. (Linneman, 2015: 514) Few other crimes appear to fascinate the public as much as homicide. The sheer volume of crime podcasts, television shows, and documentaries dedicated to this crime can attest to this fact, not to mention the constant stream of news and media reports of different types of murder flooding our news outlets. There appears to be something deeply captivating, yet simultan- eously horrifying, about the act of taking another human life that has kept us fascinated with grim tales of murder for centuries, if not longer. As the quote by Linneman (2015) mentioned above would indicate, violence truly seems to haunt our everyday lives. It is therefore safe to say that there is a wide- spread, general interest in homicide, which warrants a deeper examination of this crime.
Davis’s comprehensive manual of laboratory and diagnostic tests with nursing implications / Anne M. Van Leeuwen, Mickey Lynn Bladh - Original PDF
Davis’s comprehensive manual of laboratory and diagnostic tests with nursing implications / Anne M. Van Leeuwen, Mickey Lynn Bladh - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Anne M. Van Leeuwen خلاصه: Inspiration springs from Passion. . . . Passion is born from unconstrained love, commitment, and a vision no one else can own. Lynda—my best friend and an extraordinarily gifted nurse—thank you, I could not have done this without your love, strong support, and belief in me. My gratitude to Mom, Dad, Adele, Gram . . . all my family and friends, for I am truly blessed by your humor and faith. A huge hug for my daughters, Sarah and Margaret—I love you very much. To my puppies, Maggie, Taylor, Emma, Zoe, Sophie, and Gracie for their endless and unconditional love. Many thanks to my friend and wonderful coauthor Mickey; to all the folks at F.A. Davis, especially Rob and Julia for their guidance, support, and great ideas. And, very special thanks to Lisa Houck, publisher, for her friendship, excellent direction, and unwavering encouragement.
Cybercrime by Alisdair A. Gillespie - Original PDF
Cybercrime by Alisdair A. Gillespie - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Alisdair A. Gillespie خلاصه: This is not a usual textbook. It does not purport to be the definitive book on the issue of cybercrime, even if such a thing was possible. Cybercrime, as will be seen, is not easy to define and covers a breadth of subjects. A difficulty with trying to write the ‘definitive’ book on cybercrime is something is bound to be missed out. Trying to cover everything also tends to mean that there is a breadth of cover- age but without depth, partly because publishers (not unreasonably) want books to be of an appropriate (readable!) length. What this book does is to highlight some of the key issues of debate that exist in respect of cybercrime, including what cybercrime is. You will find many of the key areas within this book and perhaps a couple that are not always considered. Each topic follows the same format: the behaviour is discussed critically and an analysis is made of whether the law can solve the behaviour and, if so, how. New to this edition is an examination of the investigation of cybercrime. Chapter 12 considers which agencies investigate cybercrime, and how they are structured in order to do so. Chapter 13 considers the powers of the police and other agencies in the context of investigating cybercrime. The requirement on Internet Service Providers to retain so-called ‘communication data’ (broadly speaking, the who, how and why of communications but not its content) is extremely contro- versial. The increasing use of so-called open source intelligence also proves con- troversial, with the police, and others, looking at what is posted on the internet. These new chapters focus on the key issues of debate and are introduced to allow the other chapters to be put into context.
Coatings Of Polymers And Plastics - Original PDF
Coatings Of Polymers And Plastics - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Renee R. Taylor خلاصه: Human development is clearly linked to continuous improvements in the materials used every day. Entire stages of history have been named after the critical materials—Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and now, the Age of Plastics. When asked his opinion on chemistry’s largest contribution to science and society, Lord Todd, the President of the Royal Society of London, responded: “I am inclined to think that the development of polymerization is, perhaps, the biggest thing chemistry has done, where it has had the biggest effect on everyday life. The world would be a totally different place without artificial fibers, plastics, elastomers,
Radiation Effects on Polymers for Biological Use - Original PDF
Radiation Effects on Polymers for Biological Use - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Hans Jörg Mathieu, Yann Chevolot خلاصه: Biomaterials repair, reinforce or replace damaged functional parts of the (human) body. All mechanical and biological interactions between an implant and the body occur across the interface, which has to correspond as nearly as possible to its particular function. Much of the progress in adapting polymer materials for use in a biological environment has been obtained through irradiation techniques. For this reason the most recent developments in four key areas are reviewed in this special volume: (1) the analysis of the topology and the elemental composition of a functional surface, (2) the chemical modification of the surface which results in highly pure, sterile and versatile surfaces, (3) the sterilisation of implantable devices via ionising radiation and its possible effects on the structural mechanical properties of polymers, and (4) the radiation effects on living cells and tissues which are of particular importance for radiation protection and radiotherapy.

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