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The Music of the Big Bang: The Cosmic Microwave Background and the New Cosmology (2008)(en)(160s) - Original PDF
The Music of the Big Bang: The Cosmic Microwave Background and the New Cosmology (2008)(en)(160s) - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Amedeo Balbi خلاصه: The cosmic microwave background radiation is the afterglow of the big bang: a tenuous signal, more than 13 billion years old, which carries the answers to many of the questions about the nature of our Universe. It was serendipitously discovered in 1964, and thoroughly investigated in the last four decades by a large number of experiments. Two Nobel Prizes in Physics have already been awarded for research on the cosmic background radiation: one in 1978 to Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, who first discovered it, the other in 2006, to George Smoot and John Mather, for the results of the COBE satellite. Most cosmological information is encoded in the cosmic background radiation by acoustic oscillations in the dense plasma that filled the primordial Universe: a "music" of the big bang, which cosmologists have long been trying to reconstruct and analyze, in order to distinguish different cosmological models, much like one can distinguish different musical instruments by their timbre and overtones. Only lately, has this amazing cosmic sound been unveiled by such experiments as BOOMERANG and MAXIMA and, more recently, by the WMAP satellite. This led to a giant leap in our understanding of the Universe, but the investigation is not over yet. The book focuses on how the exploration of the cosmic background radiation has shaped our picture of the Universe, leading even the non-specialized readers towards the frontier of cosmological research, helping them to understand, using a simple language and captivating metaphors, the mechanisms behind the Universe in which we live.
Sound tracks: Popular Music,Identity and Place - Original PDF
Sound tracks: Popular Music,Identity and Place - Original PDF
نویسندگان: John Connell, Chris Gibson خلاصه: Soundtracks traces the relationships between music, space and identity-from inner city 'scenes' to the music of nations-to give a wide-ranging perspective on popular music. It examines the influence of cultures, economics, politics and technology on the changing structure and geographies of music at local and global levels. Taking music from its role as an expression of local culture in indigenous societies to its gradual evolution towards a global music industry, this work pays particular attention to the complex spread of world music from reggae to zouk and beyond. Containing an impressive and comprehensive range of global case studies Soundtracks takes an innovative approach to the complex and changing relationships between music and space to provide a genuine global assessment of the power and pleasure of popular music in its many forms.
Music and probability - PDF
Music and probability - PDF
نویسندگان: David Temperley خلاصه: In Music and Probability , David Temperley explores issues in music perception and cognition from a probabilistic perspective. The application of probabilistic ideas to music has been pursued only sporadically over the past four decades, but the time is ripe, Temperley argues, for a reconsideration of how probabilities shape music perception and even music itself. Recent advances in the application of probability theory to other domains of cognitive modeling, coupled with new evidence and theoretical insights about the working of the musical mind, have laid the groundwork for more fruitful investigations. Temperley proposes computational models for two basic cognitive processes, the perception of key and the perception of meter, using techniques of Bayesian probabilistic modeling. Drawing on his own research and surveying recent work by others, Temperley explores a range of further issues in music and probability, including transcription, phrase perception, pattern perception, harmony, improvisation, and musical styles.
British Political Thought in History, Literature and Theory, 1500-1800 - Original PDF
British Political Thought in History, Literature and Theory, 1500-1800 - Original PDF
نویسندگان: David Armitage خلاصه: The history of British political thought has been one of the most fertile fields of Anglo-American historical writing in the last half-century. David Armitage brings together an interdisciplinary and international team of authors to consider the impact of this scholarship on the study of early modern British history, English literature, and political theory. Leading historians survey the impact of the history of political thought on the 'new' histories of Britain and Ireland; eminent literary scholars offer novel critical methods attentive to literary form, genre, and language; and distinguished political theorists treat the relationship of history and theory in studies of rights and privacy. The outstanding examples of critical practice collected here will encourage the emergence of fresh research on the historical, critical, and theoretical study of the English-speaking world in the period around 1500-1800. This volume celebrates the contribution of the Folger Institute to British studies over many years.
A Natural History of Pragmatism - Original PDF
A Natural History of Pragmatism - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Joan Richardson خلاصه: Joan Richardson provides a fascinating and compelling account of the emergence of the quintessential American philosophy: pragmatism. She demonstrates pragmatism's engagement with various branches of the natural sciences and traces the development of Jamesian pragmatism from the late nineteenth century through modernism, following its pointings into the present. Richardson combines strands from America's religious experience with scientific information to offer interpretations that break new ground in literary and cultural history. This book exemplifies the value of interdisciplinary approaches to producing literary criticism. In a series of highly original readings of Edwards, Emerson, William and Henry James, Stevens, and Stein, A Natural History of Pragmatism tracks the interplay of religious motive, scientific speculation, and literature in shaping an American aesthetic. Wide-ranging and bold, this groundbreaking book will be essential reading for all students and scholars of American literature.
19th Century American Novel - Original PDF
19th Century American Novel - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Gregg Crane خلاصه: Stowe, Hawthorne, Melville, and Twain: these are just a few of the world-class novelists of nineteenth-century America. The nineteenth-century American novel was a highly fluid form, constantly evolving in response to the turbulent events of the period and emerging as a key component in American identity, growth, expansion and the Civil War. Gregg Crane tells the story of the American novel from its beginnings in the early republic to the end of the nineteenth century. Treating the famous and many less well-known works, Crane discusses the genre's major figures, themes and developments. He analyses the different types of American fiction - romance, sentimental fiction, and the realist novel - in detail, while the historical context is explained in relation to how novelists explored the changing world around them. This comprehensive and stimulating introduction will enhance students' experience of reading and studying the whole canon of American fiction.
Tourism in Peripheral Areas - Original PDF
Tourism in Peripheral Areas - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Brown F., Hall D. خلاصه: There has been little research on tourism in those European countries or regions which lie outside the continent’s main centres of production and population, even though tourism may be one of the few economic options open to them. ...
Slav: Move by Move - PDF
Slav: Move by Move - PDF
نویسندگان: Cyrus Lakdawala خلاصه: Slav oppening
The Chemistry And Literature Of Beryllium - PDF
The Chemistry And Literature Of Beryllium - PDF
نویسندگان: Charles Lathrop Parsons خلاصه: All normal compounds of beryllium which are soluble in water are strongly acid in reaction to litmus, dissolve notable quantities of their own hydroxide which increases in amount with the concentration of the solution, set free carbon dioxide from carbonates and attack certain metals. In short, they act in many respects like the acids themselves would act from which they are derived. In spite of these facts they show less hydrolysis, and consequent smaller concentration of hydrogen ions, at least in the case of the chloride, nitrate and sulphate, (iveys, 1899; 10 and Brunner, 1900; 1) when treated by the well-known method of sugar inversion, than the corresponding salts of iron and aluminum. By the same method of determination, the hydrogen ions are thrown back into the undissociated condition when but a small fraction of the beryllium hydroxide has been dissolved which the normal salt is capable of holding in solution, (Parsons, 1904; 10). The reasons for these phenomena are not at present understood. The sulphate has been recently studied with a view to a solution of this problem, (1907; 10) and it has been shown that the addition of beryllium hydroxide to a solution of the sulphate, raises the freezing point and diminishes the conductivity; that no beryllium enters into the formation of a complex anion and that while the hydroxide can be partially removed by dialysis if dialyzed into pure water, there is little evidence of a colloid being present. It has been suggested that we may have here a new instance of solution, wherein the solid, when once dissolved, acts as a true solvent for its own oxide or hydroxide, and there are some analogies which point strongly to this view, (1907; n).
Cultures of Mass Tourism - Original PDF
Cultures of Mass Tourism - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Pau Obrador Pons, Mike Crang, Penny Travlou, Pau Obrador Pons, Mike Crang, Penny Travlou خلاصه: With more than 230 million international tourists a year, the Mediterranean region is the largest tourist destination in the world. Indeed, it is now less united by olive, grain and vine cultivation than the fortnightly pulse of the package tour, the circulation of resort types and the shared culture of sun-seeking tourism. This book argues that its economic importance is matched by its significance as cultural and aesthetic phenomena. Mass tourism has brought about new social and cultural formations that mix global, national and local influences. There has, as yet, been little analysis of these new cultural formations. This book offers a series of insights into some of the key sites of mass Mediterranean tourism, including the beach, the island, the tourist resort and the coastal hotel. It also focuses on the 'mass' element and reflects on the 'banal' experiences of the package tourist, as well as the serial and depthless spaces that are mushrooming along the coast and the enchantments, dissolutions and dreams that saturate them. Moving away from the notion of authentic places corrupted by mass tourism, it examines new forms and spaces created, co-produced by locals and tourists, seeing them as postmodern with reworked meanings such as the recoding the ancient with irony and kitsch. It also develops an approach which is sensitive to social practices and embodied performances such as photography, hotel activities and nightlife. Finally, the book looks at the complex materilities of mass tourism, as well as the many networks that make it possible. All in all, this volume provides an up-to the minute key reference on the cultures of mass tourism.

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