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ادبیات و زبان
پزشکی، دندانپزشکی و داروسازی
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دیگر
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ریاضیات و آمار
سلامتی، تناسب اندام و رژیم غذایی
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علوم اجتماعی و حقوق
علوم زیستی و بیوتکنولوژی
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کامپیوتر و اینترنت
کتابهای کودکان و داستان
کسب و کار و اقتصاد
کشاورزی و دامپزشکی و غذا
معماری
مهندسی و فناوری
هنر و تئاتر
محصولات
![Revival: Legitimacy Deficit in Custom: Towards a Deconstructionist Theory (2001): Towards a Deconstructionist Theory (Routledge Revivals)[2017] - Original PDF](https://dl.libsan.ir/images/1/12/20_647edf4fe4ee0.jpg)
Revival: Legitimacy Deficit in Custom: Towards a Deconstructionist Theory (2001): Towards a Deconstructionist Theory (Routledge Revivals)[2017] - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Revival: Legitimacy Deficit in Custom: Towards a Deconstructionist Theory (2001): Towards a Deconstructionist Theory (Routledge Revivals) 1st Edition by Ben Chiagra (Author)
China: The Great Transition From Agrarian Economy to Technological Powerhouse - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: The great transition of China from a subsistence agrarian economy to a technolog- ically driven economic powerhouse reflects the achievements of the hardworking Chinese people. China continues to grow as the second largest economy of the world from 2010 onwards. It is going to be the largest economy in the world by putting US economy behind. The Chinese GDP has increased of 1,500 times from 1952. The transformation of China and its economic growth is neither miraculous nor a product of market economy. The economic development in China is a product of political pursuit shaped by the Chinese people led by the Communist Party of China from 1921 onwards. China is not only the workshop of the world today but also works as the engine of global economic growth. The state led development in China paves the path of recovery and provides direction to the crisis ridden global economy. The rapid transition of Chinese economy and its society is profoundly affecting the competitive capabilities of the capitalist economies. There are consistent attempts by the liberal and western intellectuals, commentators and writers to undermine the Chinese politics and achievements of working people of China. The ideologically driven propaganda is a dangerous trap that hides viable alternatives from people. The phenomenal Chinese economic growth and development led to the significant fall of poverty in China. The World Bank (2022) study on “Four Decades of Poverty Reduction in China Drivers, Insights for the World, and the Way Ahead” shows that China lifted 800 million people out of poverty and contributed to three-quarters of the global reduction of extreme poverty. There were 250 million poor living in rural China in 1978 which has declined in a massive scale. There were more than 750 million (about two-thirds of the population) in China lived below international poverty line in 1990. The commitment and targeted approach of the Chinese government has led to the eradication of absolute poverty in China. There is remarkable growth of access an
Research on China’s Monetary Policy System and Conduction Mechanism - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: At the initial stages of reform and opening up, Deng Xiaoping put forward the idea of “quadrupling” the national economic aggregate to realize a Chinese-style modernization. Later, he further developed this idea into a “three-step” strategic idea. On April 30, 1987, when meeting with guests from Spain, Deng Xiaoping said, “Our goal for the first step is to reach, by 1990, a per capita GNP of US$500, that is, double the 1980 figure of US$250. The goal for the second step is, by the turn of the century, to reach a per capita GNP of US$1,000. When we reach that goal, China will have shaken off poverty and achieved comparative prosperity. The goal we have set for the third step is the most important one: quadrupling the US$1 trillion figure of the year 2000 within another 30 to 50 years. That will mean a per capita GNP of roughly $4,000 —in other words, a medium standard of living
Institutions and Economic Development - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Arguably, the most important question in Economics and probably in social sci- ence is ‘why are some nations rich, and others poor?’ Not only is this an interesting theoretical question, it has practical relevance to human living. According to the World Bank, 9.4% of the global population are still living below the poverty line of US$1.90-a-day (The World Bank, 2020). Understanding the factors that con- tribute to a nation’s economic development will help clarify the path forward for development policymaking. This Companion will explore the phenomenon of economic development and review the leading theories explaining why it is present in some nations and absent in others. Such a task will necessarily require one to be selective, as development studies is a complex field involving various disciplines with no easy answers. Even today, development economists debate the causes of development and how to foster it in poor nations, if at all possible. Before diving into development theories, however, this chapter will first define some basic concepts and establish general facts. The subsequent sections will pin down the concept of ‘economic development’ and provide factual information about changes in living standards over time. We show that a real and sustained improvement in living standards has indeed occurred—called the ‘Great Enrich- ment’ which started in the late eighteenth century onwards. Accordingly, we explore the deep determinants of this development and focus on the rules and values in society which have facilitated this improvement in living standard
Education, Human Capital Investment, and Innovation in the Contemporary Japanese Economy - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Analyzing the determinants of educational attainment, with class size being one of the most important among them, is crucial in investigating the accu- mulation of human capital and economic growth. However, we have not yet reached a clear conclusion regarding the relationship between class size and educational attainment. Some empirical studies show a positive correlation, while others find the correlation negative. In this chapter, we analyze the direct and indirect impacts of class size on educational attainment through the allocation of teachers’ efforts. We focus on the relationship between class size and teachers’ working hours to construct a formal model that endogenizes the time spent outside of class to prepare teaching materials and the time spent preparing for classes. The empirical results reveal that the relationship between class size and educational attainment can be U-shaped, inverted U-shaped, upward sloping, or downward sloping. This suggests the exis- tence of the optimal class size as well as the most inappropriate class size. In addition, the analysis points out that grade levels and the characteristics of each subject are as important as class size in achieving the maximum educational attainment, given limited educational resources
China’s 40 Years of Reform - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: The year 2018 was nothing but exceptional because domestically, it coincided with the 40th anniversary of the reform and opening-up, which started in 1978, and the 120th anniversary of the Hundred Days of Reform of 1898, and globally, it coincided with the 170th anniversary of the publication of the Communist Manifesto in 1848 and the 200th anniversary of Karl Marx’s birth in 1818. To look back at the past 40 years of reform and opening-up and look forward to the future when China’s Two Centenary Goals will be achieved, the country should see the reform and opening-up from the perspective of history and global affairs, which corresponds with President Xi Jinping’s speech commemorating the anniversary of Marx’s birth on May 4, 2018: “It is only by considering the long course of human history that we can gain a perspective on the essence of historical movements and the direction of contemporary developments.” Xi Jinping stated that through reform and opening-up, “Chinese Communists have been merging the tenets of Marxism with the practical realities of the reform and opening-up. Chinese Communists brought the people together in developing the great new endeavor of socialism with Chinese characteristics, enabling China to take big strides to catch up with the times. Thus, they brought about the tremendous transfor- mation of China: from having gained independence to becoming wealthy.” Indeed, the only viable way to understand the relevance of China’s reform and opening-up is to understand what the phrases “the practical realities” in China and “to take big strides to catch up with the times” mean. China’s 40 years of reform and opening-up is a process from gaining independence to becoming prosperous. In history, however, prior to gaining independence, China “woke up”; after “becoming prosperous”, China will become powerful. We may say that the process of China’s reform is a process from waking up, gaining independence, to becoming prosperous and becoming powerful. The significance of such a process is obvious only when seen from a global perspective
Healthy Ageing in Singapore Opportunities, Challenges and the Way Forward - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Singapore is the world’s second-fastest ageing society. It will become a super-aged society by 2030. The twin challenges of low fertility rate and longer life expectancy have resulted in a shrinking workforce, an increase in old-age dependency ratio and feminization of ageing in the country. This chapter examines the government’s response to popula- tion ageing in Singapore since 1982. The Singapore government adopts the “many helping hands” approach to enable individuals, families and community partners to play their part in supporting and caring for older adults. It also promulgates important legislations to protect the rights of older adults. There is no one-size-fits-all answer to healthy ageing. How an individual, the community and the government understand and inter- pret the concept of healthy ageing may vary among cities or countries. Besides, how the government in a city or a country develops its healthy ageing framework or implements its healthy ageing strategy very much depends on the political, economic, social, cultural and historical context. Nevertheless, achieving healthy ageing should be able to add years to one’s life as well as add life to one’s years
Exploring What Drives Indian Stock Market During Covid-19 - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: n this chapter we first discuss the role of the stock market in the debate on the role of financial development on economic growth. We discuss some studies which show that stock market played some positive role in promoting economic growth in many countries specially in the developed ones. We also discuss some studies which put forward some dissenting arguments and show that stock market is harmful for the developing countries. Then we present a brief overview of the stock market development in India since the economic reforms in 1991. Finally we present the structure of the book discussing the contents of each chapter in greater detail
GCC Hydrocarbon Economies and COVID - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: 13 2.1 introduction The outbreak of the Covid-19 epidemic and the resulting economic downturn have undermined the already weakened position of the global oil and gas industry. Since the transportation sector depends on 60 per- cent of energy from oil consumption, movement constraints were quickly interpreted into reduced oil demand. Consequently, various crude oil indices reached their lowest level by mid-2020, when the daily global oil consumption declined to less than 75 million barrels, compared to some 100 million barrels earlier that year, before recovering afterward. The demand for natural gas has also fallen sharply due to widespread quarantine in various parts of the world, especially China, India, andآیا کتاب مورد نظر هنوز بر روی سایت قرار نگرفته است؟ جای نگرانی نیست! کافی است بر روی گزینه سفارش کتاب کلیک کرده و درخواست خود را ثبت کنید. در کمتر از چند ساعت کتاب شما را آماده خواهیم کرد.