موضوعات
آموزش و پرورش
ادبیات و زبان
پزشکی، دندانپزشکی و داروسازی
تاریخ و جغرافیا
داستان و رمان
دیگر
دین و فلسفه
روانشناسی
ریاضیات و آمار
سلامتی، تناسب اندام و رژیم غذایی
شیمی و پلیمر
علوم اجتماعی و حقوق
علوم زیستی و بیوتکنولوژی
فیزیک و نجوم
کامپیوتر و اینترنت
کتابهای کودکان و داستان
کسب و کار و اقتصاد
کشاورزی و دامپزشکی و غذا
معماری
مهندسی و فناوری
هنر و تئاتر
محصولات
Great Minds in Regional Science, Vol. 2 - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: This second volume in the book series, Great Minds in Regional Science, continues telling the story, begun in the first volume, of the intellectual history of regional science. The perspective provided is through the lens of the contributions made by individual scholars influential to the multidisciplinary field’s establishment and development. The Great Minds series is a project of The Regional Science Academy (TRSA). The contributing authors are, themselves, leading scholars in the field, many having already been elected to membership in the Academy and as Fellows of the Regional Science Association International. Each chapter gives the author’s contemporaneous view on the scientific relevance of a great thinker. The sets of Great Minds featured in the specific volumes of the series have been chosen to include a blend of well- known figures and others meriting wider recognition for having advanced—in some significant way—the field’s pedagogy and institutionalization. The books in the series, Great Minds in Regional Science, together with those in The Voice of Regional Science (general and strategic reflections on new topics in regional science) currently comprise the Regional Science Academy’s meta-series, Footprints of Regional Science, under the general editorship of Kingsley Haynes, Karima Kourtit, and Peter Nijkamp. Since early 2016, highly successful series of sessions sponsored by the Academy have been held at locations throughout the world and featuring mini-lectures on topics germane to the two constituent book series. The chapters published in this volume of Great Minds in Regional Science derive from these earlier presentations
Development Delusions and Contradictions An Anatomy of the Foreign Aid Industry - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: xix Around 1700 almost everyone on earth was poor or destitute, and Thomas Hobbes’ phrase about life as “poor, nasty, brutish and short” certainly hit the mark. Perhaps only one-tenth of the world’s population was living what could be considered anywhere near comfortable lives. At least, this is what most economic historians will tell you. Jumping ahead 250 years, one could definitely say two completely dif- ferent worlds had emerged—a prosperous West and a definitely lagging Rest. The reasons for this ascendency of the West were due to processes and factors that, even today, are not well understood, but this huge West– Rest economic divide led to the realization that this gap was one of the great issues of the times, one that needed to be addressed as part of any new world order. Thus, by 1950 it could be said that the Development Era began. Some 70 years later, after untold machinations and lots and lots of money, the West is still very much at it. Western nations and institutions constructed increasingly sophisticated systems to redress this divide, based originally on the idea that transposed expertise and capital was what was needed to help nations build modern economies, to prosper, and eventually to be self-sustaining. Not only would these ‘emerging’ nations become partners in global prosperity; they would become great consumers as well and, through the miracles of free trade, economies of scale and comparative advantage, the West as well as the Rest would benefit. Yet what sounded so clear and noble back at the start of the Development Era, and what has remained, at least ostensibly, the philosophical bedrock of helping poor nations, has had to face a very rocky road, to say the leas
The Economics of Optimal Growth Pathways Evaluating the Health of the Planet’s Natural and Ecological Resources - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: If you are a natural resource manager of, say, four acres of cropland or two hectares of forest stand, how would you manage it over your planning time horizon? This is the first and most fundamental question you have to answer in your brain before you get your hands and feet down and dirty. Any reasonable answer would encompass many future time periods, that is, beyond the single present time period, as well as a possibility of convert- ing it to another land use at one future period or even selling it (Ricardo 1817; von Thunen 1826; Faustmann 1849). The economics of optimal growth pathways, the book in your hands or on your kindle presently, is written to provide a rational answer to this question faced by the respective natural resource manager. The scope of this book is, however, far greater than cropland farming or forest manage- ment. This book starts with “four acres” of cropland in Chap. 2, continues to the nation’s economy from Chap. 8 onwards, and ends big with the planet’s atmosphere and the global economy from Chap. 11. The purview of this book falls on the planet’s resources and the economic systems built upon it.
Fundamentals_of_Computer_Graphics - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Preface This edition of Fundamentals of Computer Graphics includes substantial rewrites of the material on shading, light reflection, and path tracing, as well as many corrections throughout. This book now provides a better introduction to the tech- niques that go by the names of physics-based materials and physics-based ren- dering and are becoming predominant in actual practice. This material is now better integrated, and we think this book maps well to the way many instructors are organizing graphics courses at present. The organization of this book remains substantially similar to the fourth edi- tion. As we have revised this book over the years, we have endeavored to retain the informal, intuitive style of presentation that characterizes the earlier editions, while at the same time improving consistency, precision, and completeness. We hope the reader will find the result is an appealing platform for a variety of courses in computer graphics. About the Cover The cover image is from Tiger in the Water by J. W. Baker (brushed and air- brushed acrylic on canvas, 16” by 20”, www.jwbart.com). The subject of a tiger is a reference to a wonderful talk given by Alain Fournier (1943–2000) at a workshop at Cornell University in 1998. His talk was an evoca- tive verbal description of the movements of a tiger. He summarized his point: Even though modelling and rendering in computer graphics have been improved tremendously in the past 35 years, we are still not at the point where we can model automatically a tiger swimming in the river in all its glorious details. By automatically I mean in a way that does not need careful manual tweaking by an artist/expert. The bad news is that we have still a long way to go. The good news is that we have still a long way to go
Make Capitalism History A Practical Framework for Utopia and the Transformation of Society - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: v I do not demand voluntarism nor do I preach an automatism; I rather intend to demonstrate the objective possibility of change and its preconditions. I neither want to paint a utopian picture nor forbid utopian thinking; my aim is to unfold well-founded hope. I neither want to be desperately waiting for the better humans nor seal history’s horrors with man’s evil nature; I rather take humans seriously in their history and their potential. I neither want to waste my life in a never-ending struggle nor bow my head before the overpowering. With confi- dence in existing potential and certainty of well-founded hope, I want to realise human possibilities. For 300 years, capitalism has been turning cooperation into competition, work into exploitation, nature into the insignificant other; it strengthens racism and patriarchy, puts profit before people and, therefore, impedes peace, justice, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Today, when we are facing the risk of a climate crisis, the economic foundation of capitalism makes an ecological restructuring of society impossible. It is time to make capitalism history. To make capitalism history we need an alternative. We cannot demand the end of capitalism without having at least a vague idea of what a soli- dary, free society may look like. This book talks about societal alternatives, which we call utopias, and discusses different ways of how we may reach them. The end of capitalism is a “great transformation” (Polanyi), and such a societal transformation usually involves three aspects: something comes to an end (abolition), something continues (preservation) and something is raised to a qualitatively new level (development)
Living Better Together Social Relations and Economic Governance in the Work of Ostrom and Zelize - PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: olitical economy is a robust field of study that examines the economic and political institutions that shape our interactions with one another. Likewise, social economy focuses on the social interactions, networks, and communities that embody our daily lives. Together, these fields of study seek to understand the historical and contemporary world around us by examining market, political, and social institutions. Through these sectors of life, people come together to exchange goods and services, solve collective problems, and build communities to live better together. Scholarship in this tradition is alive and thriving today. By using the lens of political and social economy, books in this series will examine complex social problems, the institutions that attempt to solve these prob- lems, and the consequences of action within such institutions. Further, this approach lends itself to a variety of methods, including fieldwork, case studies, and experimental economics. Such analysis allows for deeper understanding of social phenomena, detailing the context, incentives, and interactions that shape our lives. This series provides a much-needed space for interdisciplinary research on contemporary topics on political and social economy. In much of academia today, scholars are encouraged to work independently and within the strict boundaries of their disciplines. However, the pursuit of understanding our society requires social scien- tists to collaborate across disciplines, using multiple methods. This series provides such an opportunity for scholars interested in breaking down the boundaries of disciplines in order to better understand the world around us
Helix Network Theory The Dynamic Structure and Evolution of Economy and Society Interdisciplinary Integrated Economics Creating a Brand New “Micro-Meso-Macro” Paradigm - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Foreword by Gong-Meng Chen I first met and started working with Gan Runyuan, the author of the book, around April and May of 2002. Back then, I had just established the China Accounting and Finance Research Centre at Hong Kong Polytechnic University in Shenzhen. Because the research centre was not long established, it was necessary to introduce various talents. Gan Runyuan was one of the first groups of personnel recruited into the research centre. By 2003, with the active support of Cheng Si-Wei, I and my colleagues had founded the China Venture Capital Research Institute. During that period of time, Gan Runyuan worked as my assistant and participated in many tasks at the China Accounting and Finance Research Centre and China Venture Capital Research Institute. He was easy-going, serious in working, and I was always impressed. Later, Gan Runyuan left Shenzhen to Shanghai. However, he still kept in touch with me and participated in several forums organised by the China Venture Capital Research Institute. At the end of March this year, Gan visited Shenzhen. I learned that he had written an economics monograph, Helix Network Theory, and he invited me to write a preface to this book. He said that this is the ten-year brainchild of his toil, blood, and sweat. I did not expect him after leaving Shenzhen for more than ten years, not only reading that many books on economics and sociology but also spending quite a few years writing an econo
The Emergence of a Tradition: Essays in Honor of Jesús Huerta de Soto, Volume II Philosophy and Political Economy - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Only a small minority of people, in our experience, know what Jesús’s full name is. Due to some idiosyncrasies of Spanish naming conventions, this group is dominated by Spaniards. To aid the non-Spanish speaker, a brief explanation of his name is necessary. All Spanish surnames are composed of two parts. The first part is the father’s first surname, and the sec- ond is the mother’s first surname. The general form for all Spanish names becomes [first name] [paternal first surname] [maternal first surname]. Thus, all children have a different surname than their mothers and fathers, though this surname will include elements of both through their respective paternal branches. The children of Juan Garcia Fernandez and Sofia Gonzalez Martin, for example, would all have the surname Garcia Gonzalez. Jesús Huerta de Soto Ballester was born to Jesús Huerta Ballester and Concepción de Soto Acuña. His birth name was Jesús Huerta de Soto, and (after marrying Sonsoles Huarte) his children would have the surname Huerta Huarte. With six children, this linguistically challenging surname would have not been an isolated difficulty. After marriage, Jesús made the decision to legally change the order of his surnames. (This bureaucratic process is not straightforward, nor is it common.) As a result of this change, his first surname, Huerta de Soto, now includes elements of both his father’s and his mother’s names. His second surname, Ballester, is from his father. While the name remains essentially the same (Jesús Huerta de Soto at birth versus Jesús Huerta de Soto Ballester today), the change in ordering meant that the family name passed down to his children would be “Huerta de Soto” instead of “Huerta.” This also applies to their descendants. In all but the most formal situations in Spain, use of only the first surname
Global Economic Challenges 6th International Conference on Banking and Finance Perspectives, Cuenca, Spain - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Price movements in the energy market are crucial because energy plays a vital role in the world’s economies and human life. The high volatility in energy prices since the 1990s is due to several historical developments, including the deregulation of energy markets, the Asian financial crisis in 1997, and the 2008 global financial crisis (Lien et al., 2016; Lang & Auer, 2019) have increased the need for an appro- priate protection strategy. Hedging by using futures contracts makes the problem of “finding an appropriate hedge ratio” vital. In calculating the optimal hedge ratio (OHR), estimations are mostly based on the average (expected) relationship between spot and futures prices. This approach ignores the tail distribution of the variables (Lien et al., 2016; Shrestha et al., 2018). However, the widely documented non- normal distribution of financial variables makes considering the quantiles of the variables essential. To fill this gap, we used the recently developed quantile-on- quantile (Q-Q) (Sim & Zhou, 2015) approach to estimate the minimum-variance (MV) hedge ratio for crude oil, natural gas, and gasoline markets. Besides, to have a better understanding of the relationship between these variables, we examined long-run and causal relationships by using methods that consider the distribution of the variables.
Environmental Regulations and Industrial Competitiveness Case Studies of Toxic Industries in Southern California - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: 1 Chapter 1 Environmental Regulations and Industrial Competitiveness Abstract Industries in the U.S. emit billions of pounds of toxic chemicals into the environment every year, resulting in a major risk to human health. Many economists and policy makers, however, are strongly opposed to environmental regulations based on an assumption that regulations lead to a loss of jobs and a declining stan- dard of living for U.S. citizens. The empirical literature on this question has pro- duced mixed results, and this chapter critically assesses several conceptual and methodological issues that are embedded in this literature. Our thesis is that strin- gent environmental regulations have the potential to effectively and efficiently reduce toxic emissions from polluting firms and industries while having a negligible impact on the economic competitiveness of firms and industries. We investigate this thesis through three empirical case studies of polluting industries in Southern California that are highly regulated by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD): metal finishing, wood furniture, and dry cleaning. We also attempt to reveal the institutional process by which firms comply with environmen- tal regulations. Keywords Environmental regulations · Economic competitiveness · Environmental pollution · Economic externalities · Market failure · Environmental compliance · Technological uncertainty · Innovation · Adoption Introduction Over the last half century, the US federal government has played an active role in regulating the emission of toxic chemicals from polluting firms and industries (Rosenbaum, 2019; Telsey, 2016). Congress passed the Clean Air Act of 1970 “to protect and enhance the quality of the nation’s air resources so as to promote the public health and welfare and the productive capacity of the population” (US Environmental Protection Agency, 2007, p. 2). Congress also created the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) in 1970 to implement and enforce the nation’s environmental lawآیا کتاب مورد نظر هنوز بر روی سایت قرار نگرفته است؟ جای نگرانی نیست! کافی است بر روی گزینه سفارش کتاب کلیک کرده و درخواست خود را ثبت کنید. در کمتر از چند ساعت کتاب شما را آماده خواهیم کرد.