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محصولات
Handbook of Biodegradable Polymers - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Biodegradable polymers are niche market materials finding focused applications, including agricultural applications such as mulch films, flowerpots and controlled-release fertilisers and packaging items such as carrier bags and food wrapping and containers. They have the potential to provide a solution to a range of environmental concerns: decreasing availability of landfill space, declining petrochemical sources, and also offer an alternative option to recycling. Rapra's Handbook of Biodegradable Polymers is a complete guide to the subject of biodegradable polymers and is ideal for those new to the subject or those wanting to supplement their existing knowledge. The book covers the mechanisms of degradation in various environments, by both biological and non-biological means, and the methods for measuring biodegradation. The degree and rate of biodegradation is dependent on the chemical composition of the polymer and its working environment, and so there is no single optimal method for determining biodegradation. This handbook provides discussion of international and national standards and certification procedures developed to ensure accurate communication of a material's biodegradability between producers, authorities and consumers. The book goes on to consider the characteristics, processability and application areas for biodegradable polymers, with key polymer family groups discussed.
Colloids and interfaces with surfactants and polymers: an introduction - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: This text is both an introduction to the field and a bridge to the more specialist texts that are available, and includes recent ideas that have been developed on the interactions between particles and the concentrated state. It covers the fundamentals of colloid and interface science, placing emphasis on concentrated systems and the ideas associated with them. Takes a user-friendly, non-mathematical approach Includes the widely used techniques such as rheology in greater depth than other introductory texts Gives many practical examples of colloid and interface science Provides guidance on how to apply new ideas to a number of different systems
Liquid Crystalline Polymers - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: As we know, there are three basic states of matter, solid, liquid, and gaseous states. These states of matter can be transformed into each other at appropriate conditions. In the solid state (generally meaning the crystalline state), the building blocks, such as atoms, or molecules, or clusters of molecules are packed closely and regularly, forming a crystal lattice. The X-ray diffraction of the state shows many regular diffraction spots. Over 95% of matter on the earth exist in the form of the crystalline state. The types of crystal structure are enormous. The physical properties of crystals are basically anisotropic. The crystals have a constant melting temperature (except for amorphous solids).
Natural and Wood Fibre Reinforcement in Polymers - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: The use of composite materials dates from centuries ago, when it all started with natural fibres. In ancient Egypt some 3,000 years ago, clay was reinforced by straw to build walls. Later on the natural fibre lost much of its interest. With the industrial use of plastics, combinations of plastics with natural fibres or wood flour were introduced. The body of the East German car ‘Trabant’ (1950-1990) was one of the typical examples for application of natural fibres (cotton) embedded in a polyester matrix.
Macromolecules Containing Metal and Metal-Like Elements, Transition Metal-Containing Polymers - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Transition metal-containing macromolecules come in a wide variety of structures. While volume 5 of this series dealt with metal coordination polymers, in this book we focus on transition metal-containing polymers where the metal is bonded to at least one organic group through σ- and/or π-bonds. Many of the macromolecules covered in this volume are often referred to as organometallic polymers. The term organometallic compound refers to compounds that contain at least one metal–carbon (M–C) bond, whether the bond is σ or π or some combination of both types of bonding.
Handbook of Industrial Water Soluble Polymers - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Natural and synthetic water soluble polymers are used in a wide range of familiar industrial and consumer products, including coatings and inks, papers, adhesives, cosmetics and personal care products. They perform a variety of functions without which these products would be significantly more expensive, less effective or both.Written for research, development and formulation chemists, technologists and engineers at graduate level and beyond in the fine and specialty chemicals, polymers, food and pharmaceutical industries, the Handbook of Industrial Water Soluble Polymers deals specifically with the functional properties of both natural and synthetic water soluble polymers. By taking a function based approach, rather than a "polymer specific" approach the book illustrates how polymer structure leads to effect, and shows how different polymer types can be employed to achieve appropriate product properties.
Advances in Radiation Chemistry of Polymers: Iaea Tecdoc - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: The meeting on radiation effects on polymers was held at the Radiation Laboratory at theUniversity of Notre Dame to review and discuss advances in the radiation processing ofpolymers. The trends in the basic research, R&D and industrial applications were reported.The scope of more applied uses of irradiation involving polymers ranged from discussions of the curing of materials for dental applications, to the effects on polyolefins (the most broadly used class of polymers prevalent in industrial radiation processing) and to emerging interests in hydrogels, carbon fiber composites, heterogeneous mixtures based on material by-products (scrap plastic and wood fragments), grafted materials and materials for electronic uses. In addition, the emerging interests in the use of recently developed high power x ray systems for industrial use were presented.
Radiation Effects on Polymers for Biological Use - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Biomaterials repair, reinforce or replace damaged functional parts of the (human) body. All mechanical and biological interactions between an implant and the body occur across the interface, which has to correspond as nearly as possible to its particular function. Much of the progress in adapting polymer materials for use in a biological environment has been obtained through irradiation techniques. For this reason the most recent developments in four key areas are reviewed in this special volume: (1) the analysis of the topology and the elemental composition of a functional surface, (2) the chemical modification of the surface which results in highly pure, sterile and versatile surfaces, (3) the sterilisation of implantable devices via ionising radiation and its possible effects on the structural mechanical properties of polymers, and (4) the radiation effects on living cells and tissues which are of particular importance for radiation protection and radiotherapy.
Crystallization of polymers. Volume 1, Equilibrium concepts - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Polymers of high molecular weight have now been accepted as respectable members of the molecular community. This situation was not always true.(1) It is now recognized, however, that polymer molecules possess the unique structural feature of being composed of a very large number of chain units that are covalently linked together. This property is common to all macromolecules despite their diverse origin, their widely differing chemical and stereochemical structures and uses and function. It is, therefore, possible to study this class of substances from a unified point of view that encompasses the relatively simpler polymers prepared in the laboratory, as well as the more complex ones of nature. The characteristic thermodynamic, hydrodynamic, physical, and mechanical properties possessed by high polymeric substances can be explained, in the main, by their covalent structure and the attendant large size of the individual molecules.
Synthetic Polymers for Biotechnology and Medicine - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: One of the most powerful group of chemicals in the body are organic compounds collectively referred to as hormones. The glands responsible for the production and release of hormones comprise the endocrine system. Endocrine activities have been identified in certain organs, such as the heart, kidneys, duodenum, liver and the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas (which contains the insulin gland), which are normally associated with other system functions. There have been numerous attempts to replace organ function using cell transplantation including direct injections of dissociated cells into organs such as the liver, kidney or spleen.1-5 Subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes have also been evaluated.6-10 More recent investigations have applied extracellular matrix polymers as structural supports for cell transplantation and immunoprotection.11,12 Potential medical applications of such “artificial cells” or “tissue engineered” organoids include an extracorporeal bioartificial liver for detoxification,2 artificial red blood substitutes,13 the extracorporeal artificial kidney for hemodialysis,14 immunosorbents15 and drug delivery systems.16The transplantation of immunoisolated (microencapsulated) cells represents another emerging area in biotechnology research and commercialization. Under such a scenario, the encapsulated cells, which could be a xenograft, would be hidden from the immune system of the body, but would still be able to respond to extracellular stimuli (e.g., blood glucose), with the required hormone, in the case of diabetes therapy insulin, secreted into the systemic circulation. Other applications of the microencapsulation concept include the encapsulation of genetically modified cells, which represents a novel approach to somatic gene therapy.17 This chapter will review recent advances in cell encapsulation from material science, technological and tissue-related perspectives. Cell coating, microencapsulation devices and bioartificial organs will be discussed with the artificial pancreas and treatment of diabetes used as a case study denominator throughout the review.آیا کتاب مورد نظر هنوز بر روی سایت قرار نگرفته است؟ جای نگرانی نیست! کافی است بر روی گزینه سفارش کتاب کلیک کرده و درخواست خود را ثبت کنید. در کمتر از چند ساعت کتاب شما را آماده خواهیم کرد.